SPERM ANTIBODIES

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Specimen: 5 mL blood in plain tube from both partners, transported at 4°C; semen for detection of antibodies on sperm surface, transported at room temperature; cervical mucus, transported at 4°C.

Method: Detection of antibodies bound to heads of spermatozoa in semen: immunobead technique. Serum antibodies: immunoassay using fresh motile sperm as antigen.

Reference Interval: Not usually detected.

Application: This test is one component of the investigation of infertility and is usually only performed in infertility clinics.

Interpretation: If antibodies are present, their significance is dependent on titre, class of immunoglobulins and site of attachment of antibodies to sperm. Frequently interpreted in association with the mucus penetration test - consult pathologist. Sperm antibodies are often detected following vasectomy and may be associated with infertility after reversal of vasectomy.

Reference: Marshburn P. Fertility and Sterility 1994; 61: 799-811. Clark G. Am J Reprod Immunol and Microbiol 1988; 16: 135-138.

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