|
ACD
|
Acid citrate dextrose
|
|
ACE
|
Angiotensin converting enzyme
|
|
ACT
|
Activated clotting time
|
|
ACTH
|
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
|
|
ADH
|
Antidiuretic hormone
|
|
ADP
|
Adenosine diphosphate
|
|
AFB
|
Acid fast bacilli
|
|
AIDS
|
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
|
|
ALA
|
5-aminolaevulinate
|
|
ALL
|
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
|
|
ALT
|
Alanine aminotransferase
|
|
ALP
|
Alkaline phosphatase
|
|
AMP
|
Adenosine monophosphate
|
|
ANA
|
Antinuclear antibody
|
|
ANCA
|
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
|
|
Anti-HBc
|
Antibody to hepatitis B core antigen
|
|
Anti-HBe
|
Antibody to hepatitis B e antigen
|
|
Anti-HBs
|
Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen
|
|
Anti-HCV
|
Antibody to hepatitis C virus
|
|
APC
|
Activated protein C
|
|
APTT
|
Activated partial thromboplastin time
|
|
ASOT
|
Antistreptolysin O titre
|
|
AST
|
Aspartate aminotransferase
|
|
BCG
|
Bacille Calmette-Guérin
|
|
C3
|
Third component of complement
|
|
C4
|
Fourth component of complement
|
|
Ca
|
Calcium
|
|
CA
|
Carbohydrate antigen (tumour markers)
|
|
CBA
|
Collagen binding assay (von Willebrand factor)
|
|
CD
|
Cluster of differentiation
|
|
CDC
|
Centre for Disease Control
|
|
CEA
|
Carcinoembryonic antigen
|
|
CFT
|
Complement fixation test
|
|
CGD
|
Chronic granulomatous disease
|
|
CH50/CH100
|
Total haemolytic complement activity
|
|
CIE
|
Counter immunoelectrophoresis
|
|
CK
|
Creatine kinase
|
|
Cl
|
Chloride
|
|
CMV
|
Cytomegalovirus
|
|
CNS
|
Central nervous system
|
|
ConA
|
Concanavalin A
|
|
CREST
|
Calcinosis, Raynauds phenomenon, Esophageal hypomotility, Sclerodactyly and
Telangiectases
|
|
CRP
|
C-reactive protein
|
|
CSF
|
Cerebrospinal fluid
|
|
CVS
|
Chorionic villus sampling
|
|
DDAVP
|
Desmopressin acetate; 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin
|
|
DFA
|
Direct fluorescent antibody technique
|
|
DHEA
|
Dehydroepiandrosterone
|
|
DHEAS
|
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate
|
|
DIC
|
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
|
|
DNA
|
Deoxyribonucleic acid
|
|
EBV
|
Epstein Barr virus
|
|
EBNA
|
Epstein Barr nuclear antigen
|
|
ECP
|
Eosinophil cationic protein
|
|
EDTA
|
Ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid
|
|
EIA
|
Enzyme immunoassay
|
|
EM
|
Electron microscopy
|
|
EPG
|
Electrophoretogram (electrophoresis)
|
|
EPX
|
Eosinophil protein X
|
|
EPO
|
Erythropoietin
|
|
ESR
|
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
|
|
FAB
|
French, American, British
|
|
FBC
|
Full blood count
, full blood examination, complete blood count
|
|
FDP
|
Fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products
|
|
FiO2
|
Fractional concentration of inspired oxygen
|
|
FITC
|
Fluorescein isothiocyanate
|
|
FNAB
|
Fine needle aspiration biopsy
|
|
FS
|
Frozen section
|
|
FSH
|
Follicle stimulating hormone
|
|
FT3
|
Free triiodothyronine (T3)
|
|
FT3I
|
Free T3 index
|
|
FT4
|
Free thyroxine (T4)
|
|
FT4I
|
Free T4 index
|
|
FTA-ABS
|
Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test
|
|
GC
|
Gas chromatography
|
|
GCMS
|
Gas chromatography mass spectrometry
|
|
G-CSF
|
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor
|
|
G-6-PD
|
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
|
|
GGT
|
Gamma glutamyl transferase (transpeptidase)
|
|
GM-CSF
|
Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor
|
|
GN
|
Glomerulonephritis
|
|
GST
|
Glutathione S-transferase
|
|
GTT
|
Glucose tolerance test
|
|
HAI
|
Haemagglutination inhibition
|
|
HAV
|
Hepatitis A virus
|
|
Hb
|
Haemoglobin
|
|
HbA1c
|
Glycated haemoglobin
|
|
HbA2
|
Haemoglobin A2
|
|
HbF
|
Haemoglobin F, fetal haemoglobin
|
|
HbS
|
Sickle haemoglobin, haemoglobin S
|
|
HBeAg
|
Hepatitis B e antigen
|
|
HBsAg
|
Hepatitis B surface antigen
|
|
HBV
|
Hepatitis B virus
|
|
HBV DNA-p
|
Hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase
|
|
hCG
|
Human chorionic gonadotrophin
|
|
HCl
|
Hydrochloric acid
|
|
HCO3
|
Bicarbonate
|
|
Hct
|
Haematocrit, packed cell volume
|
|
HCV
|
Hepatitis C virus
|
|
HDL
|
High density lipoprotein
|
|
HDV
|
Hepatitis D virus
|
|
HEMPAS
|
Hereditary erythroblast multinuclearity with positive acidified serum test
|
|
HEV
|
Hepatitis E virus
|
|
hGH
|
Human growth hormone
|
|
HGV
|
Hepatitis G virus
|
|
HIAA
|
5-Hydroxyindole acetate
|
|
HIT
|
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia
|
|
HIV
|
Human immunodeficiency virus
|
|
HLA
|
Human leucocyte antigen
|
|
HMGCoA
|
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A
|
|
HMMA
|
4-hydroxy-3-methoxymandelate
|
|
HOCM
|
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
|
|
HPLC
|
High performance liquid chromatography
|
|
HPV
|
Human papillomavirus
|
|
HSV
|
Herpes simplex virus
|
|
HTLV
|
Human T cell lymphotropic virus
|
|
HVA
|
Homovanillate
|
|
HZV
|
Herpes zoster virus (varicella zoster)
|
|
ICCS
|
Intercellular cement substance
|
|
ID
|
Immunodiffusion
|
|
IDDM
|
Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
|
|
IDL
|
Intermediate density lipoprotein
|
|
IEF
|
Isoelectric focussing
|
|
IEP
|
Immunoelectrophoresis
|
|
IF
|
Immunofluorescence
|
|
IFA
|
Indirect fluorescent antibody technique
|
|
IFE
|
Immunofixation electrophoresis
|
|
Ig
|
Immunoglobulin
|
|
IGF
|
Insulin-like growth factor
|
|
IH
|
Immunohistology
|
|
IHA
|
Indirect haemagglutination
|
|
IM
|
Infectious mononucleosis
|
|
IMI
|
Intramuscular injection
|
|
INR
|
International normalised ratio
|
|
ISE
|
Ion selective electrode
|
|
ITP
|
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
|
|
IV
|
Intravenous
|
|
K
|
Potassium
|
|
kg
|
Kilogram
|
|
kPa
|
Kilopascal
|
|
LA
|
Latex agglutination
|
|
LD
|
Lactate dehydrogenase
|
|
LDL
|
Low density lipoprotein
|
|
LGV
|
Lymphogranuloma venereum
|
|
LH
|
Luteinising hormone
|
|
LKM
|
Liver kidney microsomal antibodies
|
|
LM
|
Light microscopy
|
|
LMWH
|
Low molecular weight heparin
|
|
MAIPA
|
Monoclonal antibody immobilisation of platelet antigen
|
|
MBC
|
Minimum bactericidal concentration
|
|
MCF
|
Median corpuscular fragility
|
|
MCH
|
Mean cell haemoglobin
|
|
MCHC
|
Mean cell haemoglobin concentration
|
|
MCV
|
Mean cell volume
|
|
MEN
|
Multiple endocrine neoplasia
|
|
MGUS
|
Monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance
|
|
MHMA
|
3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelate
|
|
MIC
|
Minimum inhibitory concentration
|
|
MOM
|
Multiples of median
|
|
MSA
|
Mammary specific antigen
|
|
Na
|
Sodium
|
|
NADPH
|
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced
|
|
NAP
|
Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase
|
|
NK
|
Natural killer cells
|
|
NSAID
|
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
|
|
PAI
|
Plasminogen activator inhibitor
|
|
PAN
|
Polyarteritis nodosa
|
|
PBC
|
Primary biliary cirrhosis
|
|
PCI
|
Prothrombin consumption index
|
|
PCR
|
Polymerase chain reaction
|
|
pCO2
|
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2)
|
|
PCT
|
Porphyria cutanea tarda
|
|
PCV
|
Packed cell volume
|
|
PF3
|
Platelet factor 3
|
|
PHA
|
Phytohaemagglutinin
|
|
PID
|
Pelvic inflammatory disease
|
|
PIE
|
Pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia
|
|
PKU
|
Phenylketonuria
|
|
PNH
|
Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria
|
|
pO2
|
Partial pressure of oxygen (O2)
|
|
p50 O2
|
Partial pressure of O2 at which haemoglobin is 50% saturated
|
|
PPD
|
Purified protein derivative
|
|
PR
|
Prothrombin ratio
|
|
PSA
|
Prostate specific antigen
|
|
PT
|
Prothrombin time
|
|
PTH
|
Parathyroid hormone
|
|
PTHrP
|
Parathyroid hormone related protein
|
|
PUO
|
Pyrexia of unknown origin
|
|
RAST
|
Radioallergosorbent test
|
|
RCC
|
Red cell count
|
|
RCoF
|
Ristocetin cofactor
|
|
RDS
|
Respiratory distress syndrome
|
|
RDW
|
Red cell distribution width
|
|
REAL
|
Revised European-American lymphoma classification
|
|
RFLP
|
Restriction fragment length polymorphism
|
|
Rh
|
Rhesus (blood group)
|
|
RIA
|
Radioimmunoassay
|
|
RNA
|
Ribonucleic acid
|
|
RPR
|
Rapid plasma reagin test
|
|
RSV
|
Respiratory syncytial virus
|
|
SBE
|
Subacute bacterial endocarditis
|
|
SCID
|
Severe combined immunodeficiency
|
|
SDS
|
Sodium dodecyl sulphate
|
|
SHBG
|
Sex hormone binding globulin
|
|
SIADH
|
Syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone release
|
|
SLE
|
Systemic lupus erythematosus
|
|
sp
|
Species
|
|
SSPE
|
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
|
|
STD
|
Sexually transmitted diseases
|
|
T3
|
Triiodothyronine
|
|
T4
|
Thyroxine (tetraiodothyronine)
|
|
TBG
|
Thyroxine binding globulin
|
|
TGFb
|
Transforming growth factor b
|
|
TIBC
|
Total iron binding capacity
|
|
TLC
|
Thin layer chromatography
|
|
TNF
|
Tumour necrosis factor
|
|
TORCH
|
Toxoplasmosis, rubella cytomegalovirus, herpes
|
|
TPHA
|
Treponema pallidum haemagglutination
|
|
TPI
|
Treponema pallidum immobilisation
|
|
TRH
|
Thyrotropin releasing hormone
|
|
TSH
|
Thyroid stimulating hormone
|
|
var
|
Variety
|
|
VCA
|
Viral capsid antigen (EBV)
|
|
VDRL
|
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test
|
|
VIP
|
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
|
|
VLDL
|
Very low density lipoprotein
|
|
vWd
|
von Willebrands disease
|
|
vWf
|
von Willebrand factor
|
|
vWfAg
|
von Willebrand factor antigen
|
|
WAGR
|
Wilms tumour, aniridia, genito-urinary malformations, mental retardation
|
|
WCC
|
white cell count, leucocyte count
|
|
XDP
|
Cross linked fibrin degradation products, D-dimer
|
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